“One in five children in the Toronto Central LHIN experience mental health or behavioural disorders, but 80% do not receive the support they require.” Sources: TCLHIN, McMurtry , R., & Curling, A. (2008). Review of the Roots of Youth Violence.
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Similar: Both immigrants and the Canadian born are similar with regard to multiple job holding, part-time rate, access to certain flexible work arrangements, and hours worked per week
Different: For immigrants vs. Canadian born, immigrants had lower wages, lower shares of union coverage, pension plans; higher shares of over-qualification, involuntary part-time work, temporary jobs.
“Recent immigrants are at a particularly high risk for mental health and substance use problems if their migration and resettlement experience is stressful prior to coming to Canada, if they are unable to speak English or French, are separated from their family or if they have a low socio-economic status.” Source: Canadian Task Force. After the Door Has Been Opened. (1988) Health Canada. Taken from Agic, B. (2003). Mental Health Promotion Programs on Mental Health/ Illness and Addiction Issues in Ethno-Racial/Cultural Communities. A Literature Review. CAMH.
There are between 5,000 and 6,500 homeless people in Toronto. Of these, 35% are living with a mental illness, 66% have a lifetime diagnosis of substance abuse and 31% of homeless who present to a Toronto Central LHIN emergency department (ED) have a concurrent disorder. In addition to high prevalence of mental health and substance use, the homeless are also more likely than the general population to live with a physical health condition (e.g. five times more likely to have heart disease resulting in complex health care needs). Sources: TCLHIN, 2009; Street Health. (2007). Street Health Report. From: www.streethealth.ca; Stergiopoulos, V. (2008). Strategies for community-based mental health care for homeless people (PowerPoint). Inner City Health Associates, St. Michael’s Hospital.
23% of Ontario caregivers for senior citizens live more than an hour away from the person for whom they are caring. Stats Can, 2010.
Housing Connections, 2010, drawn mainly from Toronto Community Foundation:
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